Topics in this Unit

  Unit 1: ICD-10 History

  Unit Objectives
  Online Course Preparation
  Overview
  Introduction
  ICD-10-CM and ICD-10-PCS
  History of Statistical Classification Systems
  WHO's Role in ICD-10-CM Development
  ICD-10-CM Implementation
  ICD-10-CM Comparison to ICD-9-CM
  Types of Code Changes
  Examples of ICD-10-CM Code Differences
  ICD-10-CM Resource Information
  Activity 1.1
  ICD-10-PCS (Procedural Coding System)
  Unit 1 Test

  Student Resources

  Table Of Contents
  Resources

Gatlin Education ICD-10 Demo - Page 11

ICD HISTORY History of Statistical Classification Systems Classification systems are used by healthcare organizations to organize healthcare data and make retrieval meaningful. The early Greeks were the first to group data by disease processes. Captain John Graunt of London was the first to publish mortality and morbidity statistics in his publication, London Bills of Mortality. London Bills of Mortality was first real attempt at studying disease processes from a statistical viewpoint. Later, in the 1830's, William Farr introduced uniformity in the use of statistics. His work helped (1) classify diseases by anatomical site. He published the International List of Causes of Death, and provided the foundation for current vital statistics. In 1893, Dr. Jacques Bertillon developed the Bertillon Classification of Causes of Death. The American Public Health Association (APHA) recommended adoption of this classification system for Canada, Mexico, and the United States, and that they be revised every ten years. Subsequent revisions were called the International Classification System of Causes of Death. Revisions were completed in 1900, 1910, 1920, 1929, and 1938. This classification system was used only until the World Health Organization (WHO) published the sixth revision in 1948. The sixth revision included lists for morbidity tabulation. The WHO has been responsible for upgrading and delivery of each subsequent version, up to and including the 10th version or edition. To fully appreciate where we are headed, it is best to understand a little bit of history on this subject. In 1948, the World Health Organization (WHO) published the first International Classification of Diseases (ICD). This coding system was developed by WHO to provide international consistency for reporting MORTALITY statistics only. Numbers were added with subsequent revisions to identify the new "version". Thus the nomenclature became ICD-2, ICD-3 and so forth. ICD-9 and ICD-10, the most current versions, are copyrighted by the World Health Organization (WHO). ICD-10 is the latest version. Effective January 1, 1999, ICD-10 officially was implemented in the United States for reporting the cause of death on death certificates. For more information on ICD-10, please refer to the WHO website at http://www.who.org.